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1 партнёр в юридической фирме
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > партнёр в юридической фирме
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2 Murray, Matthew
SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Railways and locomotives, Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 1765 near Newcastle upon Tyne, Englandd. 20 February 1826 Holbeck, Leeds, England[br]English mechanical engineer and steam engine, locomotive and machine-tool pioneer.[br]Matthew Murray was apprenticed at the age of 14 to a blacksmith who probably also did millwrighting work. He then worked as a journeyman mechanic at Stockton-on-Tees, where he had experience with machinery for a flax mill at Darlington. Trade in the Stockton area became slack in 1788 and Murray sought work in Leeds, where he was employed by John Marshall, who owned a flax mill at Adel, located about 5 miles (8 km) from Leeds. He soon became Marshall's chief mechanic, and when in 1790 a new mill was built in the Holbeck district of Leeds by Marshall and his partner Benyon, Murray was responsible for the installation of the machinery. At about this time he took out two patents relating to improvements in textile machinery.In 1795 he left Marshall's employment and, in partnership with David Wood (1761– 1820), established a general engineering and millwrighting business at Mill Green, Holbeck. In the following year the firm moved to a larger site at Water Lane, Holbeck, and additional capital was provided by two new partners, James Fenton (1754–1834) and William Lister (1796–1811). Lister was a sleeping partner and the firm was known as Fenton, Murray \& Wood and was organized so that Fenton kept the accounts, Wood was the administrator and took charge of the workshops, while Murray provided the technical expertise. The factory was extended in 1802 by the construction of a fitting shop of circular form, after which the establishment became known as the "Round Foundry".In addition to textile machinery, the firm soon began the manufacture of machine tools and steam-engines. In this field it became a serious rival to Boulton \& Watt, who privately acknowledged Murray's superior craftsmanship, particularly in foundry work, and resorted to some industrial espionage to discover details of his techniques. Murray obtained patents for improvements in steam engines in 1799, 1801 and 1802. These included automatic regulation of draught, a mechanical stoker and his short-D slide valve. The patent of 1801 was successfully opposed by Boulton \& Watt. An important contribution of Murray to the development of the steam engine was the use of a bedplate so that the engine became a compact, self-contained unit instead of separate components built into an en-gine-house.Murray was one of the first, if not the very first, to build machine tools for sale. However, this was not the case with the planing machine, which he is said to have invented to produce flat surfaces for his slide valves. Rather than being patented, this machine was kept secret, although it was apparently in use before 1814.In 1812 Murray was engaged by John Blenkinsop (1783–1831) to build locomotives for his rack railway from Middleton Colliery to Leeds (about 3 1/2 miles or 5.6 km). Murray was responsible for their design and they were fitted with two double-acting cylinders and cranks at right angles, an important step in the development of the steam locomotive. About six of these locomotives were built for the Middleton and other colliery railways and some were in use for over twenty years. Murray also supplied engines for many early steamboats. In addition, he built some hydraulic machinery and in 1814 patented a hydraulic press for baling cloth.Murray's son-in-law, Richard Jackson, later became a partner in the firm, which was then styled Fenton, Murray \& Jackson. The firm went out of business in 1843.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsSociety of Arts Gold Medal 1809 (for machine for hackling flax).Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1962, Great Engineers, London (contains a good short biography).E.Kilburn Scott (ed.), 1928, Matthew Murray, Pioneer Engineer, Leeds (a collection of essays and source material).C.F.Dendy Marshall, 1953, A History of Railway Locomotives Down to the End of theYear 1831, London.L.T.C.Rolt, 1965, Tools for the Job, London; repub. 1986 (provides information on Murray's machine-tool work).Some of Murray's correspondence with Simon Goodrich of the Admiralty has been published in Transactions of the Newcomen Society 3 (1922–3); 6(1925–6); 18(1937– 8); and 32 (1959–60).RTS -
3 Roberts, Richard
[br]b. 22 April 1789 Carreghova, Llanymynech, Montgomeryshire, Walesd. 11 March 1864 London, England[br]Welsh mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]Richard Roberts was the son of a shoemaker and tollkeeper and received only an elementary education at the village school. At the age of 10 his interest in mechanics was stimulated when he was allowed by the Curate, the Revd Griffith Howell, to use his lathe and other tools. As a young man Roberts acquired a considerable local reputation for his mechanical skills, but these were exercised only in his spare time. For many years he worked in the local limestone quarries, until at the age of 20 he obtained employment as a pattern-maker in Staffordshire. In the next few years he worked as a mechanic in Liverpool, Manchester and Salford before moving in 1814 to London, where he obtained employment with Henry Maudslay. In 1816 he set up on his own account in Manchester. He soon established a reputation there for gear-cutting and other general engineering work, especially for the textile industry, and by 1821 he was employing about twelve men. He built machine tools mainly for his own use, including, in 1817, one of the first planing machines.One of his first inventions was a gas meter, but his first patent was obtained in 1822 for improvements in looms. His most important contribution to textile technology was his invention of the self-acting spinning mule, patented in 1825. The normal fourteen-year term of this patent was extended in 1839 by a further seven years. Between 1826 and 1828 Roberts paid several visits to Alsace, France, arranging cottonspinning machinery for a new factory at Mulhouse. By 1826 he had become a partner in the firm of Sharp Brothers, the company then becoming Sharp, Roberts \& Co. The firm continued to build textile machinery, and in the 1830s it built locomotive engines for the newly created railways and made one experimental steam-carriage for use on roads. The partnership was dissolved in 1843, the Sharps establishing a new works to continue locomotive building while Roberts retained the existing factory, known as the Globe Works, where he soon after took as partners R.G.Dobinson and Benjamin Fothergill (1802–79). This partnership was dissolved c. 1851, and Roberts continued in business on his own for a few years before moving to London as a consulting engineer.During the 1840s and 1850s Roberts produced many new inventions in a variety of fields, including machine tools, clocks and watches, textile machinery, pumps and ships. One of these was a machine controlled by a punched-card system similar to the Jacquard loom for punching rivet holes in plates. This was used in the construction of the Conway and Menai Straits tubular bridges. Roberts was granted twenty-six patents, many of which, before the Patent Law Amendment Act of 1852, covered more than one invention; there were still other inventions he did not patent. He made his contribution to the discussion which led up to the 1852 Act by publishing, in 1830 and 1833, pamphlets suggesting reform of the Patent Law.In the early 1820s Roberts helped to establish the Manchester Mechanics' Institute, and in 1823 he was elected a member of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester. He frequently contributed to their proceedings and in 1861 he was made an Honorary Member. He was elected a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1838. From 1838 to 1843 he served as a councillor of the then-new Municipal Borough of Manchester. In his final years, without the assistance of business partners, Roberts suffered financial difficulties, and at the time of his death a fund for his aid was being raised.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember, Institution of Civil Engineers 1838.Further ReadingThere is no full-length biography of Richard Roberts but the best account is H.W.Dickinson, 1945–7, "Richard Roberts, his life and inventions", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 25:123–37.W.H.Chaloner, 1968–9, "New light on Richard Roberts, textile engineer (1789–1864)", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 41:27–44.RTS -
4 asociar
v.1 to associate.El abogado asoció a su yerno The lawyer associated his son-in-law.2 to take into partnership (commerce).3 to correlate, to associate, to bracket, to chain.Ella asoció los datos y lo supo She correlated the data and found it out.* * *1 to associate (a/con, with), connect, link2 COMERCIO to take into partnership1 (relacionarse) to be associated (a/con, with)■ aquella música se asociaba con una época particular that music was associated with a particular period2 COMERCIO to collaborate, form a partnership, become partners* * *verb1) to associate2) connect•* * *1. VT1) (=relacionar) to associate, connectse trata de asociar imágenes y números — it's all about associating o connecting images and numbers
asociar algo con algo — to associate sth with sth, connect sth with sth
asocio el azahar con Andalucía — I associate o connect orange blossom with Andalusia
me suena, pero no puedo asociarlo con nada — I know him, but I don't know where from o but I can't place him
asociar algo a algo — to link sth with o to sth
asocian este gen al cáncer de mama — this gene is linked with o to breast cancer
2) (Com, Econ) to take into partnership3) (=unir) [+ recursos] to pool, put together2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo <ideas/palabras> to associate2.asociar algo/a alguien con algo/alguien: no logro asociarla con nada I can't place her; asociaba aquel lugar con su niñez — he associated that place with his childhood
asociarse v prona) empresas/comerciantes to collaborateb) hechos/factores to combinec) (a grupo, club)d) (a idea, sentimiento)asociarse a algo: nos asociamos al duelo nacional we share in the nation's grief; me asocio a lo expresado por mi colega — I agree with o (frml) concur with the views expressed by my colleague
* * *= associate, tie together, couple.Ex. Lower specificity will be associated with lower precision but high recall.Ex. The author describes a model for coupling hypertext and a knowledge based system.----* asociar (a) = tie (to).* asociarse = team, partner.* asociarse a = become + allied with.* asociarse a/con = team up (with).* asociarse con = associate + Reflexivo + with, partner with.* * *1.verbo transitivo <ideas/palabras> to associate2.asociar algo/a alguien con algo/alguien: no logro asociarla con nada I can't place her; asociaba aquel lugar con su niñez — he associated that place with his childhood
asociarse v prona) empresas/comerciantes to collaborateb) hechos/factores to combinec) (a grupo, club)d) (a idea, sentimiento)asociarse a algo: nos asociamos al duelo nacional we share in the nation's grief; me asocio a lo expresado por mi colega — I agree with o (frml) concur with the views expressed by my colleague
* * *= associate, tie together, couple.Ex: Lower specificity will be associated with lower precision but high recall.
Ex: The author describes a model for coupling hypertext and a knowledge based system.* asociar (a) = tie (to).* asociarse = team, partner.* asociarse a = become + allied with.* asociarse a/con = team up (with).* asociarse con = associate + Reflexivo + with, partner with.* * *asociar [A1 ]vt‹ideas/palabras› to associate asociar algo/a algn CON algo/algn to associate sth/sb WITH sth/sbasociaba aquel lugar con su niñez/su madre he associated that place with his childhood/his motherno logro asociarla con nada I can't place her, I can't think where I know her from1 «empresas/comerciantes» to collaborate asociarse CON algn to go into partnership WITH sbse asoció con su cuñado para montar el negocio he went into partnership with his brother-in-law to start the business2 «hechos/factores» to combine3 (a un grupo, club) asociarse A algo to become a member OF sthse asoció a un grupo ecologista he became a member of o joined an ecologist group4 (a una idea, un sentimiento) asociarse A algo:nos asociamos al duelo nacional we share in the nation's griefme asocio a lo expresado por mi colega I agree with o ( frml) concur with the views expressed by my colleague* * *
asociar ( conjugate asociar) verbo transitivo ‹ideas/palabras› to associate;
asociar algo/a algn con algo/algn to associate sth/sb with sth/sb;
asociarse verbo pronominal
asociarse con algn to go into partnership with sb
c) (a grupo, club) asociarse a algo to become a member of sth
asociar verbo transitivo to associate
' asociar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
unir
English:
associate
- connect
- couple
* * *♦ vt1. [relacionar] to associate;* * *v/t associate;asociar a alguien con algo associate s.o. with sth* * *asociar vt1) : to associate, to connect2) : to pool (resources)3) : to take into partnership* * *asociar vb (relacionar) to associate -
5 глава фирмы
1) General subject: principal of a firm, senior partner2) American: Chief Executive (и т.п.)3) Rare: prior4) Law: chief executive5) Economy: principal of business house6) Jargon: chief itch and rub7) Information technology: chair of company8) Makarov: the principal of a firm, the senior partner -
6 Gesellschaft
Gesellschaft f 1. GEN association, society (Vereinigung); company, Co.; 2. RECHT company; partnership (Personengesellschaft); (AE) corporation (Kapitalgesellschaft); 3. WIWI company • eine Gesellschaft auf Matrixmanagement umstellen GEN go matrix • eine (Personen-)Gesellschaft gründen GEN form a partnership, set up a partnership, establish a partnership* * *f 1. < Geschäft> association, company (Co.), society; 2. < Recht> Vertragsrecht company; 3. <Vw> company (Co.) ■ eine Gesellschaft auf Matrixmanagement umstellen < Geschäft> go matrix ■ eine Gesellschaft gründen < Geschäft> form a partnership, set up a partnership, establish a partnership* * *Gesellschaft
(Handelsgesellschaft) company, corporation (US), (Teilhaberschaft) partnership firm, [co]partnership, (Vereinigung) society, association, union, fellowship;
• abgewickelte Gesellschaft dissolved company;
• abhängige Gesellschaft controlled (underlying, US) company, subsidiary company (corporation, US);
• angegliederte Gesellschaft associated (related) company (Br.), affiliated corporation (US), affiliate;
• Kapital anlegende Gesellschaft investor company;
• geographisch aufgegliederte Gesellschaft multidivision corporation (US);
• aufgelöste Gesellschaft dissolved company (corporation, US), company wound up, defunct company;
• aufnehmende Gesellschaft (Fusion) absorbing company;
• nicht auf den Betrieb eines Handelsunternehmens ausgerichtete Gesellschaft non-trading company;
• mit zu geringem Eigenkapital ausgestattete Gesellschaft equity-starved company;
• ausländische (auswärtige) Gesellschaft foreign (alien) corporation (US), alien (overseas, Br.) company;
• ausschüttende Gesellschaft dividend-paying company;
• Verlustausgleich beantragende Gesellschaft claimant company;
• befreundete Gesellschaft corresponding company, correspondent;
• im Wandel begriffene Gesellschaft changing society;
• beherrschende Gesellschaft controlling company;
• beklagte Gesellschaft defendant company (corporation);
• aus mehreren Personen bestehende Gesellschaft corporation aggregate (US);
• beteiligte Gesellschaft participating company;
• privatwirtschaftlich betriebene Gesellschaft privately held company;
• nur in Schablonen denkende Gesellschaft punched-card society;
• einbringende Gesellschaft (Fusion) vendor company;
• fortschrittlich eingestellte Gesellschaft forward-looking company;
• handelsgerichtlich eingetragene Gesellschaft registered(incorporated) company (Br.), registered corporation (US);
• nicht im Handelsregister eingetragene Gesellschaft unregistered corporation (US) (company, Br.);
• emittierende Gesellschaft issuing company;
• enteignete Gesellschaft dispossessed (condemned, US) company;
• Gewinnabführungsbeträge entgegennehmende Gesellschaft claimant company;
• neu entstandene Gesellschaft resultant (newly formed) company;
• durch Simultangründung entstandene Gesellschaft non-prospectus company (Br.);
• erlesene Gesellschaft select company;
• im Handelsregister erloschene Gesellschaft defunct company;
• fehlerhaft errichtete Gesellschaft defective company;
• ordnungsgemäß errichtete Gesellschaft de jure corporation (US);
• exklusive Gesellschaft exclusive social circles;
• federführende Gesellschaft pilot company;
• fortbestehende Gesellschaft standing company;
• äußerst freizügige Gesellschaft permissive society;
• fusionierende Gesellschaft merger company, consolidated corporation (US);
• fusionierte Gesellschaft merged company;
• ordnungsgemäß gegründete Gesellschaft de jure corporation (US);
• aus Steuergründen vorübergehend gegründete Gesellschaft collapsible corporation (US);
• für einen besonderen Zweck gegründete Gesellschaft special partnership;
• gut geleitete Gesellschaft well-managed company;
• im Handelsregister gelöschte Gesellschaft defunct company;
• gemeinnützige Gesellschaft nonprofit[-making] (public-serivce) company, benevolent (membership, US, nonprofit, US, public utility) corporation;
• geschlossene Gesellschaft private party (company), club;
• Gewinn abführende Gesellschaft surrendering company;
• halbstaatliche Gesellschaft semigovernmental corporation (US);
• Handel treibende Gesellschaft commercial partnership;
• herrschende Gesellschaft controlling company;
• integrative Gesellschaft integrated society;
• [nicht] konsolidierte Gesellschaft [non-]consolidated company;
• kontrollierende Gesellschaft proprietary (US) (controlling) company;
• konzessionierte Gesellschaft licensed company;
• leoninische Gesellschaft leonine partnership;
• an der Grenze der Rentabilität liegende Gesellschaft marginal company;
• liquidierte Gesellschaft dissolved company;
• mittelständische Gesellschaft middle-class society;
• nachindustrielle Gesellschaft postindustrial society;
• nahe stehende Gesellschaft associated company (Br.), affiliated corporation (US);
• Not leidende Gesellschaft company in default;
• öffentlich-rechtliche Gesellschaft public company (corporation, US);
• privatrechtliche Gesellschaft private corporation (US);
• rechtsfähige Gesellschaft incorporated (registered) company (Br.), corporation de jure (US);
• nicht rechtsfähige Gesellschaft corporation de facto (US), unincorporated (unregistered) company (Br.);
• rückversicherte Gesellschaft reinsured carrier;
• sanierte Gesellschaft reorganized company (corporation) (US), reconstructed company (corporation);
• staatliche Gesellschaft government company;
• stille Gesellschaft dormant (secret, silent, US) partnership;
• stillgelegte Gesellschaft defunct company (Br.);
• effektiv tätige Gesellschaft operating company;
• treuhänderisch tätige Gesellschaft corporation acting as trustee;
• übernehmende Gesellschaft (Fusion) surviving (transferee) company;
• übertragende Gesellschaft (Fusion) transferor company;
• unseriöse Gesellschaft dubious (wildcat) company;
• veräußernde Gesellschaft vendor company;
• verpachtende Gesellschaft lessor company;
• verschachtelte Gesellschaften interrelated companies;
• verstaatlichte Gesellschaft nationalized company;
• vertrauenswürdige Gesellschaft reliable firm;
• vorgeschobene Gesellschaft dummy corporation (US);
• wissensbasierte Gesellschaft knowledge-based society;
• zugelassene Gesellschaft chartered corporation;
• Gesellschaft zur Absatzfinanzierung sales-finance company;
• Gesellschaft, deren Aktien an der Börse gehandelt werden quoted company;
• Gesellschaft in Arbeitnehmerhand employee-owned company;
• Gesellschaft zur Aufbewahrung von Wertgegenständen safe company (US);
• Gesellschaft für musikalische Aufführungs- und mechanische Vervielfältigungsrechte (GEMA) [etwa] Performing Rights Society (Br.);
• Gesellschaft ohne Ausgrenzung inclusive society;
• Gesellschaft mit öffentlich-rechtlichen Befugnissen quasi-public company (corporation, US);
• Gesellschaft zur Bekämpfung des Wettbewerbs Council of Better Business Bureaus;
• Gesellschaft mit Dividendenbeschränkung limited-dividend corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft zur Erschließung von Baugelände industrial development company, development concern (US);
• Gesellschaft zur Finanzierung der Viehzucht cattle-loan company;
• Gesellschaft zur Finanzierung von Warenkrediten commercial credit company;
• Gesellschaft an der Grenze der Rentabilität marginal company;
• Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung (GmbH) [etwa] exempt private (limited) company (Br.), a type of close corporation under German law (US), limited liability company, Br., corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft zur Leitung eines öffentlichen Versorgungsbetriebes public service corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft der Luftfrachtagenten society of air cargo agents;
• Gesellschaft mit begrenztem Mitgliederkreis close company (Br.) (corporation, US);
• Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Nachschusspflicht company limited by guarantee (Br.);
• Gesellschaft mit breit gestreutem Produktionsprogramm diversified company (corporation, US);
• Gesellschaft des bürgerlichen Rechts [etwa] partnership at will, non-trading partnership, civil (unlimited) corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft kraft Rechtsscheins partnership by estoppel (Br.);
• Gesellschaft in ausschließlichem Schachtelbesitz wholly-owned corporation (US)
• Gesellschaft auflösen to liquidate a company, to dissolve a business company, to wind up a company (partnership);
• aus einer Gesellschaft austreten to take one’s name off the books, to withdraw from a society;
• einer Gesellschaft als Mitglied beitreten to affiliate o. s. to (with) a society, to enter a society;
• seine Arbeitskraft in eine Gesellschaft einbringen to contribute one’s services to a company;
• Gesellschaft handelsgerichtlich eintragen to register (incorporate) a company;
• in eine Gesellschaft als Teilhaber eintreten to enter a company as partner;
• Gesellschaft errichten to establish a company, to create a corporation (US);
• zwei Gesellschaften fusionieren to unite two companies;
• Gesellschaft gründen to establish a partnership, to incorporate (float, Br., found, form, promote, set up, start) a company, to create a corporation (US);
• Gesellschaft aus den roten Zahlen herausführen to administer a company from red to black (US coll.);
• Gesellschaft nicht verpflichten können to have no power to bind a company;
• Gesellschaft lancieren to promote a company;
• Gesellschaft im Handelsregister löschen [lassen] to withdraw partnership registration;
• jem. Gesellschaft leisten to keep s. o. company;
• Gesellschaft leiten to manage a firm;
• Gesellschaft liquidieren to dissolve a business company (partnership), to liquidate (wind up) a company;
• als Gesellschaft prozessieren to sue in its corporate name;
• Gesellschaft ins Leben rufen to institute a society;
• Finanzen einer Gesellschaft sanieren to rehabilitate a company financially, to reconstruct (reorganize) a company;
• an verschiedenen Gesellschaften beteiligt sein to have holdings in several companies;
• mit 100.000 Dollar an einer Gesellschaft beteiligt sein to have an interest of $ 100,000 in a company;
• Gesellschaft schon vor Zahlung der Steuern in die roten Zahlen treiben to drive a company into the red at the pretax level;
• Gesellschaft übernehmen to take over a company;
• Gesellschaft nur nominell übertragen to transfer a company on paper;
• in eine Gesellschaft umwandeln to form into a company;
• Abend in Gesellschaft verbringen to spend a social evening;
• Gesellschaft verklagen to prosecute a company;
• in eine Gesellschaft aufgenommen werden to be admitted into a company.
umgliedern (umgründen), Gesellschaft
to reorganize a company.
Gesellschaft, deren Aktien an der Börse gehandelt werden
quoted company -
7 sich
abkühlen, sich
(Konjunktur) to cool off.
abmelden, sich
to notify one’s departure.
absprechen, sich
to come to an arrangement, to agree;
• sich mit seinen Mitarbeitern absprechen to consult with one’s fellow workers;
• Schadenersatz absprechen to disallow damages.
abwechseln, sich
to take turns, to alternate;
• jährlich abwechseln (Vorsitz) to rotate every year;
• in Schichten abwechseln to rotate shifts.
aneignen, sich
to acquire, to appropriate, to adopt;
• sich Geld aneignen to embezzle funds, to misappropriate (convert) money;
• sich einen Namen aneignen to adopt a name.
auspendeln, sich
(Zinssätze) to stabilize at a certain level.
auswirken, sich
to bear upon, to take effect;
• sich auf das Betriebsergebnis auswirken to come through into the results;
• sich kostenmäßig auswirken to make a showing on costs;
• sich in einer Preiserhöhung auswirken to result in a price increase;
• sich schnell auswirken (Investitionen) to pick up quickly;
• sich ungünstig auswirken to have an unfavo(u)rable effect;
• sich voll auswirken to be in full swing;
• sich als Vorteil auswirken to turn out to be an advantage.
behaupten, sich
to stand one’s ground, (Kurse) to hold their ground, to keep its head, to keep (remain) steady, to remain firm;
• sich gut behaupten (Wechselkurs) to hold fairly steady;
• weiterhin hohe Kurse behaupten to continue to rule high;
• seine Rechte behaupten to safeguard one’s rights;
• sich am Schluss behaupten oder leicht abschwächen (Börse) to close steady to slightly lower;
• sich in seiner Stellung behaupten to hold one’s position;
• seine Stellung im technologischen Wettbewerb behaupten to keep up in the technology race.
behauptend, sich
(Preis) steady.
behelfen, sich
to make shift, to manage, to resort to expedients;
• sich ohne Sekretärin behelfen to do without the services of a secretary.
belaufen, sich
to come (mount up, run) to, to reach, to rise, to run into, to make;
• sich auf 10.000 Euro belaufen to foot up (figure out) to euro 10,000 debts;
• sich auf das Doppelte des Voranschlags belaufen to come to double the estimate;
• insgesamt belaufen to aggregate, to total;
• sich ungefähr belaufen to come near to.
bereichern, sich
to line one’s pockets, to make one’s pile;
• sich an Kinderarbeit bereichern to exploit child labo(u)r;
• sich öffentlich bereichern to enrich o. s. from public office.
beruhigen, sich
(Börse) to settle down, (politische Lage) to become stable, to ease;
• Gläubiger mit einer Ratenzahlung beruhigen to put off a dun with an instal(l)ment.
bewegen, sich
(Preise) to range (vary) from... to...;
• sich abwärts bewegen to be on the downgrade (skids, US);
• sich fast einheitlich um die 20% bewegen to cluster around the 20 per cent mark;
• sich entsprechend der Preisindexziffern bewegen to move in sympathy with the index figures of prices.
bewerben, sich
to apply for, to stand as a candidate for (Br.), to run, to [run as a] candidate, to seek, to go up (Br.), (um Lieferungen) to make a bid for, to tender, (um einen Preis) to compete for;
• sich um ein Amt bewerben to run (stand) for an office (US);
• sich um einen Auftrag bewerben to make a tender;
• sich persönlich bewerben to make a personal application;
• sich um eine Stelle (Stellung) bewerben to apply (run) for a position, to put in for a post (job, fam.), to compete for a job.
bewähren, sich
(Artikel) to stand the strain (test);
• sich nicht bewähren to prove a failure.
drehen, sich
(Börse) to turn;
• sich um ein Thema drehen to run on a subject.
durchschlagen, sich
to shift for a living;
• kostenmäßig durchschlagen to make a showing on cost;
• auf die Ladenverkaufspreise durchschlagen to work through to prices in the shops;
• direkt auf die Preise durchschlagen to feed straight through into the prices.
eignen, sich
to qualify, to be suitable (qualified);
• sich als Kapitalanlage eignen to be suitable for investment.
einbürgern, sich
to become established;
• teilweise einbürgern to denizen;
• wieder einbürgern to repatriate.
einigen, sich
to agree, to come to terms, to settle an issue (Br.);
• sich über die Bedingungen einigen to agree upon the terms;
• sich mit seinen Gläubigern einigen to compound with one’s creditors;
• sich auf die Gründung einer Gesellschaft einigen to agree to form a company;
• sich gütlich einigen to settle a matter amicably, to come to an amicable arrangement;
• sich auf einen bestimmten Preis einigen to agree on a certain price;
• sich vergleichsweise einigen to reach a settlement.
einmischen, sich
to intervene, to interfere, to meddle, to barge in (fam.);
• sich in die Angelegenheiten eines Nachbarlandes einmischen to intervene in the affairs of a neighbo(u)ring country;
• sich unaufgefordert (ungefragt) einmischen to meddle.
einpendeln, sich
(Kurse) to even out, to settle down.
einschiffen, sich
to embark, to get (go) aboard, to join one’s ship, to go on board, to [take] ship.
einwählen, sich
(Computer) to plug into.
emporarbeiten, sich
to work one’s way up, to win one’s way from poverty.
entschließen, sich
to determine, to decide, to make up one’s mind, to resolve;
• sich zu einem Kauf entschließen to decide on buying.
ereignen, sich
to occur, to happen, to take place.
erholen, sich
to recreate, to convalesce, to recuperate, to pick up, (Industrie) to be reviving, (Kurse) to look (pick, prick) up, to recover, to revive, to rally, to rise, to improve, (Markt) to improve, (sich schadlos halten) to make up for one’s losses, to repay (reimburse, recoup) o. s.;
• sich bei jem. erholen to draw (reimburse o. s.) upon s. o.;
• sich von einem geschäftlichen Fehlschlag erholen to recover from a business setback;
• sich beim Giranten erholen to have recourse to the endorser of a note;
• sich von den Nachwirkungen des Krieges erholen to recover from the effects of the war;
• sich bei den Schlusskursen erholen to be improving at the close;
• sich schnell erholen (Kurse) to brisk up;
• sich wieder erholen (Kurse) to be picking up again, to experience a recovery;
• sich finanziell wieder erholen to recover financially (one’s strength), to recuperate;
• sich für eine Zahlung erholen to cover o. s.
etablieren, sich
to establish o. s., to set up shop for o. s., to start a business.
festigen, sich
to consolidate, (Börse, Kurse, Preise) to [become] firm, to steady, to stiffen, to strengthen, to harden, to stabilize;
• Dollarkurs festigen to strengthen the dollar price;
• seine Stellung festigen to strengthen one’s position, to solidify one’s place;
• Währung festigen to stabilize the currency;
• sich erneut im Vergleich mit anderen harten Währungen festigen to strengthen again against other major currencies;
• Wechselkurse festigen to stabilize exchange rates.
freizeichnen, sich
to contract out, to exempt o. s. from a liability.
gesundschrumpfen, sich
to shrink to profitable size;
• sich gesundstoßen to make a packet (fam.).
heraufarbeiten, sich
to work one’s way (o. s.) up (o. s. into a good position).
herauskristallisieren, sich
to crystallize, to take shape;
• sich herausmachen (Firma) to make good progress;
• sein Kapital herausnehmen to withdraw one’s capital;
• Gehälter aus dem Preisindexsystem herausnehmen to disindex salaries from the price index;
• Geld aus jem. herauspressen to squeeze money out of s. o.;
• weitere Steuern aus dem Volk herauspressen to screw more taxes out of the people;
• Gewinne aus einem fallenden und überbesetzten Markt herausprügeln müssen to be forced to slug it out in a slumping and overcrowded market;
• Geld herausrücken to cough up (US sl.), to fork out (sl.);
• Zahlungen herausschieben to postpone payment;
• herausschinden to eke out;
• Geld aus jem. herausschinden to extract money from s. o.;
• zusätzliche Urlaubswoche herausschinden to wangle an extra week’s holiday;
• Geld aus einer Sache herausschlagen to get one’s money’s worth;
• allerlei Vorteile herausschlagen to gain all kinds of advantages;
• Unfähige herausschmeißen to weed out the incompetents;
• heraussetzen (Mieter) to evict, to eject, to turn out.
herausstellen, sich
to turn out, to prove;
• besonders herausstellen (Presse) to feature (US coll.), to highlight (US);
• sich als Fälschung herausstellen to prove to be a forgery;
• groß herausstellen to give a build-up;
• sich als sehr hoch herausstellen (Kosten) to come rather high;
• sich als missglückt herausstellen (Anlage) to turn sour;
• sich als Vorteil herausstellen to turn out to be an advantage.
hinschleppen, sich
to drag on.
konkretisieren, sich
(Forderung) to crystallize.
konstituieren, sich
(parl.) to assemble;
• Ausschuss konstituieren to appoint a committee;
• sich als eingetragene Gesellschaft konstituieren to form themselves into a registered corporation.
kreuzen, sich
to intersect, (Interessen) to clash, to run counter, (Straße) to cross.
kristallisieren, sich
to crystallize.
kräftigen, sich
(Kurs) to improve, to recover, (Markt) to strengthen;
• Dollarkurs kräftigen to strengthen the dollar price.
lebensversichern, sich
to assure one’s life with a company (Br.);
• sich für 20.000 L lebensversichern to insure (assure, Br.) o. s. for L 20,000;
• sich gegenseitig lebensversichern to insure one’s own life for the benefit of the other;
• seine Schlüsselkräfte lebensversichern to take out life policies on one’s key man.
liieren, sich
(Gesellschafter) to unite, to join, to associate, to become a partner.
massieren, sich
(Aufträge) to pile up.
niederlassen, sich
to set up for o. s., to take up one’s abode (domicile, residence), to locate, (Wohnsitz) to settle down;
• sich als Anwalt niederlassen to settle down in the practice of law;
• sich als Arzt niederlassen to put up (hang out) one’s shingle;
• sich als Buchhändler niederlassen to establish o. s. (set up business) as a bookseller;
• sich für dauernd niederlassen to settle down for good;
• sich geschäftlich niederlassen to establish o. s. as a businessman, to set up for o. s., to set up shop, to set o. s. up in business;
• sich im Hauptgeschäftsviertel niederlassen to fix one’s residence in the city;
• sich widerrechtlich niederlassen to abate.
rentieren, sich
to pay [its way (for costs)], to pay well, to bring a return, (Betrieb) to be profitable, (Ware) to leave a margin;
• sich gut rentieren to yield good profits;
• sich nicht rentieren not to be worthwhile;
• sich noch rentieren to break even;
• sich gerade noch rentieren to wash its face (Br. sl.);
• sich in zehn Jahren rentieren to pay its way in ten years.
stabilisieren, sich
to become stable;
• Preise stabilisieren to stabilize (peg) prices.
treffen, sich
to meet, to gather, to assemble;
• Abkommen treffen to come to an agreement (terms);
• Anordnungen treffen to prescribe;
• Auslese treffen to cull;
• Buchung treffen to pass (effect) an entry;
• Freigabeverfügungen für die Wirtschaftshilfe treffen to loosen its grip on the economic-aid purse strings;
• auf Öl treffen to strike oil;
• Steuerzahler heftig treffen to clobber the taxpayers;
• Übereinkommen treffen to compact;
• Übereinkunft treffen to come to an arrangement;
• Verabredung treffen to make (fix) an appointment;
• Verbraucher unmittelbar treffen to fall directly onto the consumer;
• vorläufige Vereinbarung treffen to make a provisional arrangement;
• Vorbereitungen (Vorkehrungen) treffen to make preparations;
• Vorsichtsmaßregeln treffen to take precautionary measures.
unterordnen, sich
to subordinate o. s.
verausgaben, sich
to spend beyond one’s means, to run short of money.
verbürgen, sich
to [a]vouch, to undertake, to warrant, to guarantee, to stand surety, to bail;
• sich für einen Bericht verbürgen to warrant a report;
• sich für jds. Ehrlichkeit und Zuverlässigkeit verbürgen to warrant s. o. an honest and reliable person;
• sich für eine Schuld verbürgen to answer for a debt;
• sich für jds. Zahlungsfähigkeit verbürgen to vouch for s. one's ability to pay.
verkalkulieren, sich
to miscalculate, to overshoot.
vermehren, sich
to multiply;
• sein Vermögen vermehren to enlarge one’s fortune;
• Zahlungsmittelumlauf vermehren to expand the currency.
verschulden, sich
to run into debt, to take on debts, to involve o. s. (get into) debt, to outrun the constable (Br.), to run up a score (Br.);
• sich kurzfristig erheblich verschulden to borrow heavily on a short-term basis;
• sich erneut verschulden to run into debt again;
• sich total verschulden (Staat) to plunge into debt;
• sich ungewöhnlich verschulden to go into debt at a record chip (US).
verschätzen, sich
to be out in one’s calculation[s] (estimate).
verspekulieren, sich
to lose money by bad investment.
verspäten, sich
(Schiff, Zug) to be overdue (behind schedule, US).
versteifen, sich
(Markt) to tighten [up].
verzweigen, sich
to branch out.
zurückhalten, sich
to keep a low profile, (Börse) to stay on the sidelines, (Verbraucher) to hold back, to resist;
• Aktien in Erwartung von Kurssteigerungen zurückhalten to hold stocks for a rise;
• Informationsmaterial zurückhalten to hold back information;
• Mittel zurückhalten to bottle up funds;
• sich mit der Verwirklichung geplanter Kapazitätsausweitungen zurückhalten to hold back on bringing in planned new capacity;
• restliche Ware zurückhalten to hold over the rest of the goods;
• Waren unberechtigt zurückhalten to wrongfully detain goods.
zurückmelden, sich
to report one’s return;
• sich vom Urlaub zurückmelden to report back from leave (one’s return).
zusammenschließen, sich
to amalgamate, to merge, to combine, to consolidate (US), (pol.) to unite, to fuse;
• Arbeiter in einer Gewerkschaft zusammenschließen to unite workers in a trade union;
• Firmen (Gesellschaften) zusammenschließen to consolidate business companies;
• sich zu einem Kartell zusammenschließen to join a cartel;
• sich in einem großen Unternehmen zusammenschließen to merge into one large organization;
• sich zu einem Verein zusammenschließen to club.
ändern, sich
to vary;
• Eintragung ändern to rectify (alter) an entry;
• nachträglich ändern (Wechsel) to alter materially;
• zweckentsprechend ändern to adapt.
überschneiden, sich
to overlap, to intersect, (Ereignisse) to clash;
• sich mit einem anderen Termin überschneiden to clash with another date. -
8 Welte, Edwin
SUBJECT AREA: Recording[br]b. 1876 Germanyd. after 1925[br]German instrument maker who developed piano-music recording methods for reproducing pianos.[br]He was the third generation of the Freiburg (Germany) firm of M.Welte \& Soehne, music box and orchestrion manufacturers, founded in 1832, and was made a partner in 1901. He was the driving force behind the development and refinement of the reproducing piano, which had an upper-class market from 1905 to c. 1925. With his partner and brother-in-law Karl Bockisch, he also developed recording methods that made it possible to distribute perforated paper rolls representing a reasonably accurate representation of the performance of famous soloists. This is a principle for recording and replay that is totally different from the mechanical recording principle, and at that time the quality was generally regarded as higher than that of mechanical reproduction. However, because of the possibilities of editing, the source value may be less certain. Welte's contribution was the first commercial use of a coded representation of live performances. The Welte patents were licensed to several other player-piano manufacturers.[br]BibliographyGerman patent no. 162,708 (controlling the dynamics of reproduction).Further ReadingQ.D.Bowers, 1972, Encyclopedia of Automatic Musical Instruments, New York: Vestal Press, pp. 319–38 (a good if somewhat uneven account of the Welte involvement in the reproduction of recorded sound).GB-N -
9 търговски
търговски да to, in order to (c inf.)той дойде, търговски да те види he came (in order) to see youпиши му веднага, търговски да знае навреме write to him at once so that he may know in timeтой умря, търговски да живеем ние he died that others might liveтърговски да не lest; so as not toизпуснах влака търговски две минути I missed the train by two minutesтърговски щастие luckily, fortunately, happilyтърговски моя голяма изненада much to my surprise.; commercial, of commerce/trade; trade (attr.). business (attr.); merchant (attr.); mercantileтърговски кораб a merchant vessel/ship; merchantman; traderтърговски пътник a travelling salesmanтърговски посредник middlemanтърговски представител a trade/commercial representativeтърговски център a trade centreтърговски стоки/артикули articles of trade, merchandise, commercial goodsтърговски баланс a balance of tradeтърговска мрежа a trade network* * *търго̀вски,прил., -а, -о, -и commercial, of commerce/trade; trade (attr.), business (attr.); merchant (attr.); mercantile; международни \търговскии термини incoterms; \търговскиа кампания trade drive; \търговскиа къща/фирма/компания firm; \търговскиа мрежа trade network; \търговскиа организация trade/trading organization; \търговскиа отстъпка trade discount; \търговскиа палата/ка̀мара chamber of commerce; \търговскиа политика commercial policy; \търговскиа реклама commercial; \търговскиа улица shopping/commercial/trading/business street; \търговскии баланс balance of trade; \търговскии брокер merchandise broker; \търговскии връзки trade relations; business connections; \търговскии договор, \търговскио споразумение trade agreement; \търговскии дружества trading corporations/partnerships; \търговскии капитал trade capital; \търговскии книги business books; \търговскии комплекс shopping mall; \търговскии кораб merchant vessel/ship; merchantman; trader; \търговскии обект trade facility; \търговскии партньор trading partner; \търговскии посредник middleman; \търговскии представител trade/commercial representative; \търговскии пътник travelling salesman, commercial traveller, sl. Bagman; амер. drummer; \търговскии свят, \търговскио съсловие the business world; merchants; tradefolk, tradespeople; \търговскии служители commercial officers; \търговскии стоки/артикули articles of trade, merchandise, commercial goods; \търговскии флот mercantile/merchant marine; \търговскио наименование (на стока) a trade name; \търговскио право юр. commercial law, law merchant; \търговскио-промишлен commercial and industrial.* * *trade: търговски mark - търговска марка, a търговски organization - търговска организация, a търговски agreement - търговски договор; commercial: търговски law - търговско право; business: търговски connections - търговски връзки; middleman - търговски посредник; mercantile (за флота); merchant ; a traveling salesman - търговски пътник* * *1. ТЪРГОВСКИ баланс a balance of trade 2. ТЪРГОВСКИ да to, in order to (c inf.) 3. ТЪРГОВСКИ да не lest;so as not to 4. ТЪРГОВСКИ кораб a merchant vessel/ ship;merchantman;trader 5. ТЪРГОВСКИ моя голяма изненада much to my surprise.;commercial, of commerce/trade;trade (attr.). business (attr.);merchant (attr.);mercantile 6. ТЪРГОВСКИ посредник middleman 7. ТЪРГОВСКИ представител a trade/commercial representative 8. ТЪРГОВСКИ пътник a travelling salesman 9. ТЪРГОВСКИ стоки/ артикули articles of trade, merchandise, commercial goods 10. ТЪРГОВСКИ съжаление to my/our regret;it is to be regretted (that) 11. ТЪРГОВСКИ център a trade centre 12. ТЪРГОВСКИ щастие luckily, fortunately, happily 13. изпуснах влака ТЪРГОВСКИ две минути I missed the train by two minutes 14. пиши му веднага, ТЪРГОВСКИ да знае навреме write to him at once so that he may know in time 15. пътник ТЪРГОВСКИ югоизточния район a traveller working the south-eastern district 16. той дойде, ТЪРГОВСКИ да те види he came (in order) to see you 17. той умря, ТЪРГОВСКИ да живеем ние he died that others might live 18. търговска мрежа a trade network 19. що ТЪРГОВСКИ what kind of -
10 юрист
сущ.Русское слово юрист относится к людям, занимающимся юридической деятельностью без уточнения их функций, специальности в юриспруденции. Английские соответствия конкретизируют функции и квалификацию юриста.1. lawyer — юрист, адвокат (общее название для человека, оказывающего юридические услуги всякого рода, как правило, не выступает в суде): my lawyer — мой адвокат; a famous lawyer — известный адвокат; a lawyer by profession — юрист по профессии; io consult a lawyer — получить консультацию (у) юриста2. attorney — поверенный, адвокат, юрист, прокурор (преимущественно американский термин, обозначает специалиста, который не только консультирует, но и представляет своего клиента по юридическим и правовым вопросам, может выступать в суде): Не later became a prominent attorney. — Позднее он стал выдающимся адвокатом. No one wanted the position of defence attorney. — Никто не хотел занимать пост адвоката защиты. If you want to understand the meaning of this law, go to the District Attorney. — Если вы хотите получить разъяснения по этому закону, обратитесь к районному прокурору.3. counsellor , counselor — адвокат, юрист (преимущественно американский термин для адвоката, консультирующего и выступающего в суде (= attorney), используется как обращение в суде): «Thank you. Counsellor,» said the judge. — «Благодарю вас, господин адвокат», — сказал судья. The counsellor requested to interrogate the defendant but his request was rejected. — Адвокат истца попросил разрешения допросить ответчика, но его запрос был отклонен.4. barrister — адвокат (преимущественно британский термин для адвоката, имеющего право выступать в суде, как со стороны обвинения, так и со стороны защиты): barrister for defence — адвокат защиты; barrister for prosecution — адвокат обвинения5. solicitor — юрисконсульт, поверенный в делах (используется главным образом в британском варианте для адвокатов, ведущих финансовые и юридические дела своих клиентов, но выступающих в суде в ограниченных случаях в низших инстанциях суда): city (department, government) solicitor — юрисконсульт города (министерства, правительства) Не was a partner in a firm of solicitor. — Он был совладельцем одной юридической фирмы./Он был совладельцем одной адвокатской конторы. I was advised to put the matter into the hands of a solicitor. — Мне посоветовали поручить это дело адвокату./Мне посоветовали передать это дело адвокату./Мне посоветовали нанять адвоката.
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